Against the background of increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and the rapid development of new energy technologies, the electrification of heavy trucks has become a key development trend in the transportation field. To provide efficient and convenient charging services for heavy trucks, it is crucial to build high-quality heavy truck charging stations. The following will give you a detailed introduction to the website construction and operation process of heavy truck charging piles.

01Early planning and research

(one)Market demand analysis

1.Research on heavy truck ownership and operating model:Gain an in-depth understanding of the number of local new energy heavy-duty trucks and analyze the operating models of heavy-duty trucks in different industries. For example, mining heavy trucks have relatively fixed working hours, short charging intervals, and strong demand for centralized charging; while logistics transportation heavy trucks have complex driving routes and require charging facilities during transportation and at the destination. By communicating with local logistics companies, mining companies, transportation fleets, etc., we collect key data such as mileage, operating hours, and parking time of heavy trucks.

2.Charging demand forecast:Combining local economic development trends, industrial planning and collected heavy-duty truck operation data, the future growth of the number of heavy-duty trucks can be predicted to accurately assess potential charging needs. Based on this, we should scientifically plan the scale and service capabilities of charging stations to avoid wasting resources caused by excessive construction scale, or having too small a capacity to meet demand.

(two)Site selection evaluation

1. Transportation convenience:The location should be close to major traffic arteries, highway entrances and exits, logistics parks or ports and other heavy truck centralized operation areas. Ideally, distance from highway entrances and exitsWithin 5 kilometersIt is more appropriate, so that the heavy truck can reach the charging station in a short time after coming off the highway, reducing empty driving mileage and power consumption. If the site is chosen near a national or provincial highway, it should not be more than 100 meters away from the road.2 - 3 km, and the average vehicle speed on surrounding roads during peak hours is not less than 30 km/h to ensure smooth entry and exit of heavy trucks and avoid causing traffic congestion. If it is close to a logistics park, it is best to control the straight-line distance from the main entrance and exit of the park toWithin 1 - 2 kilometers; If close to the port, the distance from the port loading and unloading area shall not exceed3 - 5 km. At the same time, it is necessary to conduct an on-site inspection of the traffic volume and traffic conditions of surrounding roads during peak hours, and select a location with smooth traffic and sufficient buffer space.

2. Power supply conditions:Fully communicate with the local power department, inspect the capacity and stability of the existing power grid around the site, and understand the future upgrade plan of the power grid. Due to the heavy power load of heavy truck charging stations, dedicated power lines may be required. In the early stage of site selection, the feasibility of power access at alternative sites is evaluated, and local power supply price policies are paid attention to. Costs vary greatly in different regions and power supply methods, which has a significant impact on long-term operating costs.

3. Land resources:According to the planned scale of the charging station, find a suitable area of ​​land. The nature of the land must meet the construction requirements. Priority is given to industrial land or construction land that conforms to the plan. Consider the useful life of the land and try to choose a long-term and stable lease or purchase method to avoid land issues affecting the continued operation of the charging station. When assessing the cost of land, in addition to the rental or purchase price, you also need to consider potential costs such as land formation and surrounding infrastructure. Pay more attention to the local government's industrial park planning, as there may be preferential land policies.

02Project approval and filing

(one)Project establishment

Prepare a project feasibility study report that comprehensively explains the necessity of project construction. It is not only necessary to conduct market demand analysis, but also to combine national and local new energy development strategies, environmental protection policies, etc. to highlight the positive significance of heavy truck charging stations for regional sustainable development. In the technical solution part, charging equipment selection, layout planning, power supply system design, etc. need to be described in detail. In terms of economic evaluation, construction costs, operating costs, revenue forecasts, etc. must be fully considered, including equipment depreciation, personnel wages, electricity costs, charging service fee income and other details. When applying for project approval from relevant government departments, ensure that the report content is detailed and the data is accurate, and actively communicate with the approval department to answer questions.
(two)planning approval

Submit the charging station planning and design plan to the local planning department. The plan must not only meet basic building and layout specifications, but also pay attention to coordination with the surrounding environment. When planning the charging area, fully consider factors such as the turning radius and parking distance of heavy trucks to ensure that vehicle charging operations are convenient and safe. If the impact on surrounding traffic is involved, corresponding traffic organization plans must be provided, such as vehicle entry and exit routes, parking guidance signs, etc.

(three)Electricity access approvalSubmit a power access application to the power supply department. The detailed power load calculation and access point selection basis in the application are very important. In addition to the estimated simultaneous usage rate and maximum power demand of charging equipment, possible future capacity expansion needs must also be considered. When negotiating access plans with the power department, ask about the possibility of smart grid access, which can help improve the efficiency and stability of charging station power management. Understand the procedures and time points for power access procedures, and prepare relevant materials in advance to avoid delaying the project progress due to formalities.

03Equipment selection and procurement

1. Power selection:Charging heavy trucks has high power requirements, and DC fast charging equipment is the mainstream choice. The specific model needs to be determined according to the battery type and capacity of the heavy truck and the charging time requirements of the operating company. For example, for new heavy-duty trucks with larger battery capacities, you may need to choose charging equipment with a power of more than 300kW.

2.Compatibility: Equipment compatibility is crucial, ensuring compatibility with the charging interfaces and communication protocols of a variety of mainstream heavy truck models on the market.

3. Security:Choose equipment with multiple protection functions, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, leakage protection, etc., and comply with relevant international and domestic safety standards.

4. Degree of intelligence: Charging equipment with intelligent power dispatching systems can automatically adjust charging power according to grid load and vehicle battery status to improve charging efficiency and grid stability. Priority is given to such equipment. It is recommended to test charging equipment of different brands and models before purchasing, or refer to the usage conditions of established station equipment.

1. Transformer:According to the total power consumption and peak power load, select an energy-saving transformer with appropriate capacity and reserve capacity redundancy.

2. Power distribution cabinet:The design is reasonable, can clearly distribute power, has overload and short-circuit protection functions, and is easy to operate and maintain. Optional power distribution cabinets with smart meters and monitoring functions.

3.Monitoring system:It should have the characteristics of strong compatibility, stable and reliable data transmission, easy operation and maintenance, and be able to grasp information such as charging status, equipment operation status and environmental parameters in real time.

4. Fire fighting equipment:In addition to conventional fire extinguishers and fire hydrants, you can consider installing automatic fire alarm systems and automatic fire extinguishing systems, and configure them reasonably according to the charging station layout and equipment distribution.

04Charging station construction and acceptance

(one)Infrastructure

1. The site is flat:Use measuring instruments to measure the flatness and slope of the site, and control the flatness error within ±5 cm. If there is a problem of water accumulation, the designed drainage slope should be no less than 0.3% - 0.5% to ensure smooth drainage of rainwater and not affect the normal use of charging equipment and vehicles.

2. Building construction:Considering local climate conditions, the height of the charging shed roof should be no less than 4.5 meters, and the frame should be built with a steel structure with a yield strength of no less than 235MPa. The roof material can be 0.4 - 0.6 mm thick color steel plate or 6 - 10 mm thick solar panel, selected according to actual needs and budget. The building area of ​​the management building is determined based on the number of operating personnel and functional requirements. For example, for operations of 5 to 8 people, the area is 80 to 120 square meters.

3. Cable trench excavation:Excavate the cable trench according to the design requirements, with a depth generally between 0.8 - 1.2 meters and a width between 0.4 - 0.6 meters. Lay 10 - 15 cm thick fine sand as a cushion in the trench, cover it with a layer after the cable is laid, and finally seal it with a cement cover or red brick.

(two)Equipment installation and debugging

1. Installation:The installation of charging equipment is carried out by professional electrical engineers in accordance with relevant standards and specifications to ensure that the equipment foundation is solid and the grounding is reliable, and electrical connections are made strictly in accordance with the equipment instructions. At the same time, install supporting equipment such as power distribution cabinets and surveillance cameras, determine the installation location of the equipment, keep a safe distance from surrounding objects, and secure it with bolts of appropriate specifications.

2. Stand-alone debugging:After the installation is completed, a comprehensive performance test is conducted on each charging equipment, including charging power, charging current, voltage stability, communication functions, etc., to ensure that the equipment operates normally and meets the design requirements. At the same time, check whether the power distribution cabinet and monitoring equipment are working properly.

3. System joint debugging:Conduct system joint debugging to test whether the communication between various devices is smooth, whether the monitoring system display is accurate, and the stability and reliability of the system in different charging scenarios.

(three)Operation preparation and acceptance

1. Operation preparation:Develop a detailed and operable operation management system. The charging standards take into account costs and market conditions and comply with price regulations. The business hours are determined based on the local heavy truck operating hours. Develop emergency response plans to deal with equipment failure, power failure, safety accidents, etc. Prepare charging card management system, invoice printer and other operational supplies.

2. Acceptance:Organize relevant departments and experts to conduct acceptance inspections, including project quality acceptance (the building structure and charging facility installation comply with design and construction standards), equipment performance acceptance (charging, monitoring, and fire-fighting equipment performance meets standards), and safety facility acceptance (fire exits, fire-fighting equipment, and electrical safety measures). Actively cooperate with the acceptance work and promptly rectify problems discovered.